-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Oosh3ZSDh5ZSDWYAEsILbl8WWLWy7IR6lcPRCb90GdF8CBqs13PsinEU8mwShtZI iBsreMXxHKyMRRjsvvnCxA== 0001085256-02-000110.txt : 20020513 0001085256-02-000110.hdr.sgml : 20020513 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001085256-02-000110 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: SC 13D/A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 1 FILED AS OF DATE: 20020513 GROUP MEMBERS: RS DIVERSIFIED GROWTH FUND GROUP MEMBERS: RS GROWTH GROUP LLC GROUP MEMBERS: RS INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, L.P. SUBJECT COMPANY: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: IMANAGE INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001093242 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-PREPACKAGED SOFTWARE [7372] IRS NUMBER: 364043595 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: SC 13D/A SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 005-57957 FILM NUMBER: 02642849 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2121 SOUTH EL CAMINO REAL 4TH FLOOR CITY: SAN MATEO STATE: CA ZIP: 94403 BUSINESS PHONE: 6503561166 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2121 SOUTH EL CAMINO REAL 4TH FLOOR CITY: SAN MATEO STATE: CA ZIP: 94403 FILED BY: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: RS INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CO LLC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001085256 IRS NUMBER: 943321067 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: SC 13D/A BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 388 MARKET STREET STREET 2: SUITE 200 CITY: SAN FRANCISCO STATE: CA ZIP: 94111 BUSINESS PHONE: 4155912700 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 388 MARKET STREET STREET 2: SUITE 200 CITY: SAN FRANCISCO STATE: CA ZIP: 94111 SC 13D/A 1 iman13da6.txt OMB APPROVAL OMB Number:3235-0145 Expires: August 31, 1999 Estimated average burden hours per response 14.90 UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 SCHEDULE 13D Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. 6) iManage, Inc. (Name of Issuer) Common Stock (Title of Class of Securities) 45245y105 (CUSIP Number) May 6, 2002 (Date of Event Which Requires Filing of this Statement) Check the appropriate box to designate the rule pursuant to which this Schedule is filed: /_X_/ Rule 13d-2(a) * The remainder of this cover page shall be filled out for a reporting person's initial filing on this form with respect to the subject class of securities, and for any subsequent amendment containing information which would alter disclosures provided in a prior cover page. The information required on the remainder of this cover page shall not be deemed to be "filed" for the purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Act") or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section of the Act but shall be subject to all other provisions of the Act (however, see the Notes). Potential persons who are to respond to the collection of information contained in this form are not required to respond unless the form displays a currently valid OMB control number. SEC 1745 (3-98) Page 1 of 10 CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 2 of 10 - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 NAME OF REPORTING PERSONS IRS IDENTIFICATION NOS. OF ABOVE PERSONS (ENTITIES ONLY) RS Investment Management Co. LLC - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (See Instructions) (a)/ / (b)/ / - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 3 SEC USE ONLY - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 4 SOURCE OF FUNDS WC - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 5 CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION Delaware - ---------------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF 6 SOLE VOTING POWER SHARES -0- BENEFICIALLY --------------------------------------- OWNED BY 7 SHARED VOTING POWER EACH - 5,150,425 - REPORTING --------------------------------------- PERSON 8 SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER WITH -0- --------------------------------------- 9 SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER - 5,150,425 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 10 AGGREGATE AMOUNT BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON - 5,150,425 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 11 CHECK IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (9) EXCLUDES CERTAIN SHARES (See Instructions) - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 12 PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW 9 21.6% - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 13 TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON (See Instructions) OO, HC - ---------------------------------------------------------------- CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 3 of 10 - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 NAME OF REPORTING PERSONS IRS IDENTIFICATION NOS. OF ABOVE PERSONS (ENTITIES ONLY) RS Investment Management, L.P. - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (See Instructions) (a)/ / (b)/ / - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 3 SEC USE ONLY - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 4 SOURCE OF FUNDS WC - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 5 CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION California - ---------------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF 6 SOLE VOTING POWER SHARES -0- BENEFICIALLY --------------------------------------- OWNED BY 7 SHARED VOTING POWER EACH - 5,150,425 - REPORTING --------------------------------------- PERSON 8 SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER WITH -0- --------------------------------------- 9 SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER - 5,150,425 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 10 AGGREGATE AMOUNT BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON - 5,150,425 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 11 CHECK IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (9) EXCLUDES CERTAIN SHARES (See Instructions) - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 12 PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW 9 21.6% - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 13 TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON (See Instructions) IA, PN - ---------------------------------------------------------------- CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 4 of 10 - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 NAME OF REPORTING PERSONS IRS IDENTIFICATION NOS. OF ABOVE PERSONS (ENTITIES ONLY) RS Growth Group LLC - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (See Instructions) (a)/ / (b)/ / - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 3 SEC USE ONLY - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 4 SOURCE OF FUNDS WC - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 5 CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION Delaware - ---------------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF 6 SOLE VOTING POWER SHARES -0- BENEFICIALLY --------------------------------------- OWNED BY 7 SHARED VOTING POWER EACH - 1,323,200 - REPORTING --------------------------------------- PERSON 8 SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER WITH -0- --------------------------------------- 9 SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER - 1,323,200 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 10 AGGREGATE AMOUNT BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON - 1,323,200 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 11 CHECK IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (9) EXCLUDES CERTAIN SHARES (See Instructions) - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 12 PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW 9 5.6% - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 13 TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON (See Instructions) OO, IA - ---------------------------------------------------------------- CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 5 of 10 - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 NAME OF REPORTING PERSONS IRS IDENTIFICATION NOS. OF ABOVE PERSONS (ENTITIES ONLY) RS Diversified Growth Fund - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2 CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX IF A MEMBER OF A GROUP (See Instructions) (a)/ / (b)/ / - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 3 SEC USE ONLY - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 4 SOURCE OF FUNDS WC - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 5 CITIZENSHIP OR PLACE OF ORGANIZATION Massachusetts - ---------------------------------------------------------------- NUMBER OF 6 SOLE VOTING POWER SHARES -0- BENEFICIALLY --------------------------------------- OWNED BY 7 SHARED VOTING POWER EACH - 2,844,400 - REPORTING --------------------------------------- PERSON 8 SOLE DISPOSITIVE POWER WITH -0- --------------------------------------- 9 SHARED DISPOSITIVE POWER - 2,844,400 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 10 AGGREGATE AMOUNT BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON - 2,844,400 - - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 11 CHECK IF THE AGGREGATE AMOUNT IN ROW (9) EXCLUDES CERTAIN SHARES (See Instructions) - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 12 PERCENT OF CLASS REPRESENTED BY AMOUNT IN ROW 9 11.9% - ---------------------------------------------------------------- 13 TYPE OF REPORTING PERSON (See Instructions) IV - ---------------------------------------------------------------- CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 6 of 10 ITEM 1. This Schedule 13D is filed with respect to the Common Stock of iManage, Inc. ITEM 2. This Schedule 13D is filed on behalf of the following: I. (a)RS Investment Management Co. LLC is a Delaware Limited Liability Company. (b) 388 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94111 (c) holding company (d) no convictions in criminal proceedings (e) no civil or administrative proceedings II. (a)RS Investment Management, L.P. is a California Limited Partnership. (b) 388 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94111 (c) registered investment adviser (d) no convictions in criminal proceedings (e) no civil or administrative proceedings III. (a)RS Growth Group LLC is a Delaware Limited Liability Company. (b) 388 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94111 (c) registered investment adviser (d) no convictions in criminal proceedings (e) no civil or administrative proceedings IV. (a)RS Diversified Growth Fund is a series of a Massachusetts Business Trust. (b) 388 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94111 (c) investment company (d) no convictions in criminal proceedings (e) no civil or administrative proceedings CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 7 of 10 ITEM 3 The securities with respect to which this Schedule 13D is filed were purchased by Funds managed by RSIM, L.P. and RS Growth Group LLC using working capital contributed by the Funds' respective partners and shareholders. ITEM 4 This schedule is being filed based on a change in the ownership position of Funds managed by RSIM, L.P. and RS Growth Group LLC due to acquisitions. All shares are held for investment purposes only. The reporting persons may sell all or part or acquire additional securities of the Issuer depending on market conditions and other economic factors. ITEM 5 The aggregate number and percentage of the class of securities identified pursuant to Item 1 of this Schedule 13D that are beneficially owned by the persons listed in Item 2 are as follows: RS Investment Mgmt Co. LLC 5,150,425 21.6% RS Investment Mgmt, L.P. 5,150,425 21.6% RS Growth Group LLC 1,323,200 5.6% RS Diversified Growth Fund 2,844,400 11.9% All percentages in this table are based, pursuant to 13D-1(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, on 23,837,800 shares of Common Stock of the Issuer outstanding as of April 1, 2002. RS Investment Mgmt Co. LLC is a Delaware Limited Liability Company that is deemed to have shared dispositive power over 5,150,425 shares of the Issuer. RS Investment Mgmt, L.P. is a California Limited Partnership that is deemed to have shared dispositive power over 5,150,425 shares of the Issuer. RS Growth Group LLC is a Delaware Limited Liability Company that is deemed to have shared dispositive power over 1,323,200 shares of the Issuer. RS Diversified Growth Fund is an investment company that is part of a Massachusetts Business Trust with shared dispositive power over 2,844,400 shares of the Issuer. CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 8 of 10 The following is a list of transactions by the filing parties in the last 60 days: ACCT DATE SHARES NET TRADE TYPE Sub-advised acct 03/11/2002 200 1391 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/11/2002 100 695 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/11/2002 700 4868 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/11/2002 100 695 open mkt purch DGF 03/11/2002 2400 16689 open mkt purch RS acct 03/11/2002 100 695 open mkt purch RS acct 03/11/2002 700 4868 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/13/2002 200 1361 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/13/2002 100 680 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/13/2002 500 3402 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/13/2002 100 680 open mkt purch DGF 03/13/2002 1800 12247 open mkt purch RS acct 03/13/2002 100 680 open mkt purch RS acct 03/13/2002 600 4082 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/18/2002 100 681 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/18/2002 300 2043 open mkt purch DGF 03/18/2002 1100 7491 open mkt purch RS acct 03/18/2002 300 2043 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/20/2002 2600 15697 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/20/2002 3900 23790 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/20/2002 1900 11590 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/20/2002 1200 7245 open mkt purch Sep acct 03/20/2002 2100 12810 open mkt purch Sep acct 03/20/2002 1400 8452 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/20/2002 100 604 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/20/2002 100 610 open mkt purch DGF 03/20/2002 9700 58564 open mkt purch DGF 03/20/2002 14200 86620 open mkt purch RS acct 03/20/2002 5800 35380 open mkt purch RS acct 03/20/2002 3900 23546 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/21/2002 900 5392 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/21/2002 1100 6600 open mkt purch Sep acct 03/21/2002 700 4193 open mkt purch Sep acct 03/21/2002 800 4800 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/21/2002 500 2995 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/21/2002 600 3600 open mkt purch DGF 03/21/2002 3400 20368 open mkt purch DGF 03/21/2002 4000 24000 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/21/2002 300 1800 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/21/2002 300 1797 open mkt purch RS acct 03/21/2002 1600 9600 open mkt purch RS acct 03/21/2002 1400 8387 open mkt purch RS acct 03/21/2002 1600 9600 open mkt purch RS acct 03/21/2002 1300 7788 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/22/2002 100 597 open mkt purch Sep acct 03/22/2002 100 597 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/22/2002 100 597 open mkt purch DGF 03/22/2002 400 2388 open mkt purch RS acct 03/22/2002 100 597 open mkt purch RS acct 03/22/2002 100 597 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/25/2002 1500 8916 open mkt purch Sep acct 03/25/2002 1000 5944 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/25/2002 900 5350 open mkt purch DGF 03/25/2002 5200 30910 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/25/2002 500 2972 open mkt purch RS acct 03/25/2002 2200 13077 open mkt purch RS acct 03/25/2002 2100 12483 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/26/2002 300 1804 open mkt purch Sep acct 03/26/2002 200 1203 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/26/2002 200 1203 open mkt purch DGF 03/26/2002 900 5413 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/26/2002 100 601 open mkt purch RS acct 03/26/2002 400 2406 open mkt purch RS acct 03/26/2002 400 2406 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/27/2002 900 5422 open mkt purch Sep acct 03/27/2002 600 3615 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/27/2002 500 3012 open mkt purch DGF 03/27/2002 3300 19882 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 03/27/2002 300 1807 open mkt purch RS acct 03/27/2002 1300 7832 open mkt purch RS acct 03/27/2002 1300 7832 open mkt purch RS acct 04/02/2002 8400 52576 open mkt purch RS acct 04/02/2002 2700 16900 open mkt purch RS acct 04/03/2002 800 4904 open mkt purch RS acct 04/03/2002 300 1839 open mkt purch Internet Age 04/10/2002 7500 47625 open mkt sale Internet Age 04/10/2002 40000 254000 open mkt sale Internet Age 04/10/2002 2500 15875 open mkt sale Info Age 04/10/2002 50000 317500 open mkt purch RS acct 04/11/2002 1000 6240 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/12/2002 1200 7441 open mkt purch RS acct 04/12/2002 900 5581 open mkt purch RS acct 04/12/2002 100 620 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/15/2002 11000 67153 open mkt purch RS acct 04/15/2002 8100 49449 open mkt purch RS acct 04/15/2002 900 5494 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/16/2002 3900 24823 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/16/2002 1400 8911 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 1100 7920 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 600 4320 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 600 3882 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 100 720 open mkt sale Sep acct 04/18/2002 800 5760 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 1700 12240 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 200 1294 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 300 2160 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 300 2160 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 600 4320 open mkt sale DGF 04/18/2002 6700 48239 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 500 3600 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/18/2002 1800 12960 open mkt sale RS acct 04/18/2002 1900 13680 open mkt sale RS acct 04/18/2002 1200 8640 open mkt sale RS acct 04/18/2002 2400 17279 open mkt sale Sub-advised acct 04/26/2002 16500 101734 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/26/2002 5500 33911 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/29/2002 2900 17727 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/29/2002 300 1834 open mkt purch Sep acct 04/29/2002 1400 8558 open mkt purch DGF 04/29/2002 2100 12837 open mkt purch RS acct 04/29/2002 3300 20172 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/30/2002 1600 9488 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 04/30/2002 100 593 open mkt purch Sep acct 04/30/2002 800 4744 open mkt purch DGF 04/30/2002 1200 7116 open mkt purch RS acct 04/30/2002 2000 11860 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/02/2002 300 1729 open mkt purch Sep acct 05/02/2002 200 1153 open mkt purch DGF 05/02/2002 200 1153 open mkt purch RS acct 05/02/2002 300 1729 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/03/2002 3000 15999 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/03/2002 1900 10133 open mkt purch Sep acct 05/03/2002 2300 12266 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/03/2002 1600 8533 open mkt purch DGF 05/03/2002 600 3200 open mkt purch RS acct 05/03/2002 800 4266 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/06/2002 14700 76440 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/06/2002 4300 22360 open mkt purch Sep acct 05/06/2002 13700 71240 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/06/2002 9400 48880 open mkt purch DGF 05/06/2002 34700 180440 open mkt purch RS acct 05/06/2002 5500 28600 open mkt purch RS acct 05/06/2002 2200 11440 open mkt purch RS acct 05/06/2002 6900 35880 open mkt purch RS acct 05/06/2002 1000 5200 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/07/2002 500 2510 open mkt purch DGF 05/07/2002 400 2008 open mkt purch RS acct 05/07/2002 300 1506 open mkt purch RS acct 05/07/2002 100 502 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/08/2002 3600 19194 open mkt purch DGF 05/08/2002 3000 15995 open mkt purch RS acct 05/08/2002 1800 9597 open mkt purch RS acct 05/08/2002 700 3732 open mkt purch Sub-advised acct 05/09/2002 1900 10304 open mkt purch DGF 05/09/2002 1700 9219 open mkt purch RS acct 05/09/2002 1000 5423 open mkt purch RS acct 05/09/2002 400 2169 open mkt purch
CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 9 of 10 ITEM 6 Please refer to Item 5. ITEM 7 The following exhibits are filed herewith: Exhibit A - Joint Filing Agreement ITEM 8 SIGNATURE After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I certify that the information set forth in this statement is true, complete and correct. Dated: May 10, 2002 RS INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CO. LLC By: /s/ G. Randall Hecht G. Randall Hecht Chief Executive Officer RS INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, L.P. By: /s/ G. Randall Hecht G. Randall Hecht Chief Executive Officer RS GROWTH GROUP LLC By: RS Investment Management, L.P. Managing Member By: /s/ G. Randall Hecht G. Randall Hecht Chief Executive Officer RS DIVERSIFIED GROWTH FUND By: RS Investment Management, L.P. Investment Adviser By: /s/ G. Randall Hecht G. Randall Hecht Chief Executive Officer CUSIP No. 45245Y105 13D Page 10 of 10 EXHIBIT A JOINT FILING AGREEMENT The undersigned hereby agree that they are filing this statement jointly pursuant to Rule 13d-1(f)(1). Each of them is responsible for the timely filing of the Schedule 13D and any amendments thereto, and for the completeness and accuracy of the information concerning such person contained therein; but none of them is responsible for the completeness or accuracy of the information concerning the other persons making the filing, unless such person knows or has reason to believe that such information is accurate. Dated: May 10, 2002 RS INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CO. LLC By: /s/ G. Randall Hecht G. Randall Hecht Chief Executive Officer RS INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, L.P. By: /s/ G. Randall Hecht G. Randall Hecht Chief Executive Officer RS GROWTH GROUP LLC By: RS Investment Management, L.P. Managing Member By: /s/ G. Randall Hecht G. Randall Hecht Chief Executive Officer RS DIVERSIFIED GROWTH FUND By: RS Investment Management, L.P. Investment Adviser By: /s/ G. Randall Hecht G. Randall Hecht Chief Executive Officer -----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----